Insurance Mandate Concentrates Authentication Market

The GHS 10 million liability insurance requirement creates a prohibitive barrier to entry that will concentrate the authentication services market among a few well-capitalized operators. Combined with non-transferable licenses 36 and the Agency's discretion to adjust insurance amounts, this provision effectively restricts market participation to large corporations or foreign providers, reducing competitive pressure and potentially increasing costs for businesses requiring authentication services. The broad compensation obligation for "any act or omission...in breach" creates unlimited liability exposure beyond insurance coverage, further deterring mid-sized businesses from entering this critical digital infrastructure market.